Calculating machine



NOV. 30, 1943. JESSUP ETA! 2,335,282

CALCULATING MACHINE 7 Filed July 6, 1940 6 Sheets-Sheet l FI'E J occo cfogoo-oooo oos QQQQQQQQQ INVENTORS [06 412 5. Jassu Nov. 3.0, 1943 E. B. JESSUP ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 6. 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS [06/12 5. J5$UP M AT'I RNEY5 Nov. 30, 1943. E. B. JESSUP E'l'AL CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 6, 1940 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR5 506A? 5 JEaauP HAPOLD TAVEPY ATTORNEYS Nov. 30, 1943.

E. B. JESSUP ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 6, 1940 6 SheetsSheet 4 IN V EN TORS [06/49 5 Jzasup BY HA/eow TAVEPY ATTORNEY:

E. B. JESSUP ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 6, 1940 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Nov. v.30, 1943. E. B. JESSUP ETAL w CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 6, 1940 e Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTORS E0040 fldtaaup HA/ww TA VEPY ATTORNEY.

Patented Nov. 30, 1943 4 2,335,282 CALCULATING MACHINE Edgar B. Jessup',

Piedmont, and Harold T. Avery,

Oakland, Calii'., assignors to Mai-chant Calculating Machine Company, a corporation of California.

Application July 6, 1940, Serial No. 344,238

11 Claims.

Our present invention relates to calculating machines of the type adapted to perform the four cardinal calculations, and has particular reference to the type wherein a transversely shiftable carriage is provided to enable different orders of an accumulator or totalizer to be selectively actuated.

This invention is disclosed as embodied in a machine of the type shown in the patent application of Harold T. Avery entitled Calculating machines, Serial Number 84,927, filed June 12, 1936, and since matured into Patent Number 2,271,240, issued on January twenty-seventh, 1942 to which reference is hereby made for a disclosure of the complete calculating machine, including mechanism not specifically disclosed herein. It is to be understood, however, that although the invention is illustrated as applied to'a machine in which the carriage supports the accumulator and counter registers for transverse movement relative to the actuator mechanism, it is also ap plicable to a machinein which the accumulator and counter registers are stationary, and the actuating mechanism, or any part thereof, is supported by a suitable'carriage.

In calculating machines of the type disclosed in the above patent, a power transmission mechanism is provided whereby the shiftable carriage may be traversed from one position to any'other position by power derived from a motor. Control of this carriage-shifting movement is effected by a cyclic clutch forming a part of such power transmission mechanism, the clutch being controlled by manually settable keys or the like to enable the carriage to be selectively shifted in one or the other direction. The control of the carriage shifting movement may also be effected automatically, as during multiplication and division calculations, but that usually necessitates returning the carriage to a starting point before a subsequent calculation involving an automatic carriage shift can be performed.

One object of the present invention is to facilitate. shifting the carriage in a machine of this general class into a predetermined position.

Another object of the invention istoenable manually settable means for determining the direction of automatic carriage shift during multiplicatlon calculations or the like, to also control the direction of shift of the carriage during movement thereof to a starting position.

Another object of the invention is to automatically shift a carriage, upon depression of a control key, in a direction opposite to that in though the automatic carriage shifting mechanism is disabled to prevent automatic shift during a calculation.

In certain calculating machines, as exemplified in the calculating machine disclosed in the above mentioned application, manually settable keys or the like are provided to determine the direction of automaticshift of a carriage during a multiplication operation. Thus, the carriage shifting mechanism may be arranged to cause the carriage to be shifted to the left from one position to the next when multiplication by one multiplier digit is completed and preparatory to multi plying by a second multiplier digit, or likewise, the carriage shifting mechanism may be ar-- ranged to automatically cause the carriage to be shifted to the right at the completion of a multiplicatlon by one multiplier digit. .Also, a nonshift key may be provided which, when depressed, will disable such automatic shift entirely.

By means of the present invention, depression of a master carriage return key at the completion of a calculation, or at any other time, will cause the carriage to return to an end or starting position in a direction opposite to that governed by a depressed automatic direction control key, or if a non-shift key isdepressed, the carriage will be moved in a predetermined direction to an end position. Thus, the carriage will be conditioned for a subsequent automatic shift in the same direction as before,. during a later calculation.

Such return of the carriage to a starting position is made merely by momentarily depressing a master. control key, and the operator does not have to go through the mental process of determining which end position the carriage is to be moved into, and does not have to focus his attention upon control of the carriage while it is moving toward that position. He may, therefore, immediately occupy his mind-with the next problem and begin to enter the factors of that problem into the keyboard while the carriage is being returned to its starting position.

The manner in which the above and other objects of the invention are accomplished wlll be readily understood on reference to the following specification when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a calculating machine embodying. the present invention and showing a position and also part of the mechanism for automatically efiecting a one step shift of the carriage during a multiplication or division calculation;

Fig. 3 is a detailed view of parts of the mechanism for causing the carriage to move one step only during an automatically controlled shift;

7 Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section, from the right side of the machine, illustrating the shift mechanism and the manually settable means for controlling the direction of automatic shift of the carriage; I

Fig. 4a is a detailed sectional view of portions of the apparatus shown inFig. 4.

Fig. 5 is a detailed sectional view taken'transversely of the machine through the planetary shift mechanism and its connection with the carriage;

Figs. 6 and 7 are detailed sectional views, from the right side of the machine, showing portions of the carriage return mechanism;

\ Fig. 8 is a. longitudinal section, as viewed from the right side of the machine, showing the two manually operable shift effecting keys, and the mechanism for arresting shifting movement of the carriage as it reaches an end position; and

Fig, 9 is a longitudinal section, viewed from the right side of the machine, illustrating the mechanism under control of a zero multiplier key for efiecting a carriage shift.

Power drive for shifting carriage The controlling mechanism embodying the present invention is designed to control a carriage actuated by rollers 351, to shift the carriage. An

electric motor (not shown) supplies the. power for effecting the shift, and is connected through suitable shafts and gears to a gear 362 to drive a shift transmission. this gear being rotatably mounted on a shaft I306 which is positioned between center and right side frames of themachine, as described in the above mentioned Avery patent. A gear 648, used to drive unrelated mechanism, is also rotatably mounted on the shaft I306 by a flanged sleeve I301 which is keyed to the hub of the gear 362 and secured by rivets to the gear 048, the same rivets 'affixing a dished supporting disc I309 to the gear 348.

Aninternal ring gear I3I5, secured to them!)- porting disc I309, meshes with and is adapted to drive three 'equi-spaced planetary gears I3I6 (Figures 4 and 5) securely riveted to each of three shafts I3I'I, respectively, which extendv through clearance holes provided in a-ratchet wheel I 303, and are journaled in bearings formed in a pair of spaced end plates I3I8 and I3I9-, the plates and ratchet'wheel I303 being secured together as a rigid unit by studs I303a (Fig. 4).

assesses The planetary gears I3I6 also mesh with a sun gear I320 formed upon one end of a sleeve I32I,

to the opposite end of which is keyed a second ratchet wheel I335. Gear teeth. I322 are formed on the shaft I3I'I and these mesh with a second sun gear I327 to which is secured a gear I324, meshing with a gear I323 rotatably mounted on a shaft I 33L This latter gear is held between a pair of friction discs I330 andv I332 which are keyed to the shaft I33I, and pressed together by a compression spring I337.

interposed between the compression spring I331 and the friction disc I332 are: a disc I335 keyed to the shaft I33I; a sleeve I333; a second in brackets 358 and I333, and has fixed at the upper end thereof a hub and plate assembly 356 on which are mounted the rollers 35'! adapted to engage between the teeth of the rack 355 (Figs. 5 and 8), mounted on the shiftable carrlage 250. Thus, upon rotation of the assembly 350 by the planetary transmission mechanism, the rollers 351 engage the rack 355 and shift the carriage 250 laterally either to the right or to the left depending upon the direction of rotation of the shaft 334.

The shaft I33I may be selectively rotated in one or the other of the ratchet wheels I303 and in a counterclockwise direction. If ,the f gears then function as idlers to transmit rotation from the driving internal gear I3I5 through the integrally connected gears I322, to the sun gear I321, whereby the gear I 324 will be rotated in one direction. If, however, the other ratchet wheel I305 is held, thereby holding stationary the sun gear I320 integrally attached thereto, the rotation of internal gear I3I5 will revolve the planetary gears I3IE' about the fixed sun gear I320 with which they mesh and at the same time force them to rotate on their own centers, to thereby drive the gear I324 in the opposite direction. J

To control the ratchet wheels I 303 and I305,

I a clutch member I30I (Fig. 4) pivoted on a stud I239 is provided. The member I30I has a-pair of latch dogs I302 and I304 extending, therefrom, dog I302 being adapted toengage andholdthe ratchet wheel I303 from rotation when the member I30I is rocked in a clockwisedirection,,as viewed in Fig. 4, while the dog I304 is adapted tofengage andhold the ratchet whack- I305 against rotation when the member I30I isro ked member I 30I is held in a neutral positio illustrated in Fig. 4, whereinneitherofjth "dogs I302 and I304isengaged, the'diiferentialmerely idles and there is no driv'etothe shifting "mechanism.

Means arepro videdwhereby either of the dogs I302 and I304, after initial actuatiom 'is held sesame of a shift cycle, to positively insure the completion of any initiated shift regardless of how soon the control member I30I is urged toward its neutral position after having once been moved to shift controlling position. Thus, on a leftward extension of the clutch control member I30I (Fig. 4) there is a laterally extending ear I354 adapted to be engaged with either the top or bottom surface of a projection I353 formed on a latch member I350, said latch member being pivotally mounted at I35I and urged toward engagement with the ear I354 by a spring I352. When the contr ol member I30I is rocked either clockwise or: counter-clockwise, the projection I353, which normally rests against the forward edge of ear I354, will snap into latching positioning of the projection I353 above or below the ear I359, and for this purpose a centralizer I364 (Fig. 4) is utilized, the upper end ofsprlng I352 being attached to the extreme left hand end thereof. The centralizer I364 is pivotally supported at its right end (not shown) and is held in engagement with the two diametrically opposed rollers I363 by the spring I352. When the shaft I33I starts to rotate at the beginning of a shift cycle, one of the rollers I363 carried on the disc I362, which is keyed to the shaft I33I, earns the centralizer I364 upwardly, thereby increas ing the tension on the spring I352 and insuring latching engagement of the projection I353 with the ear I 354 of clutch member I30I Provision is made for moving the latch member I350 out of latching relation with the clutch member I30I at approximately three-quarter cycle position. For this purpose, a cam I334 (Figs. 4 and 4A) ,-having a pair of diametrically opposed lobes "formed thereon, is rotatably mounted on the sleeve I333 (Fig. 5) and is driven by the disc I335 keyed on the shaft I33I, so as to wise rotation of the shaft I33I, be engaged by the shoulder I380 on the opposite side of the disc I335 (Fig. 9) only after the disc has been rotated about three-eighths of a revolution (which is three-quarters of a cycle).

.The carriage 250 may be shifted laterally along Manual control with keys i405 and 1405 The shift-eifecting keys I405 (Fig. 8) and I305 are mounted on vertically slidable key stems 1403 which are connected by links I401 and I401, respectively, with a common pin I409. A spring I4I0, tensioned between the link I401 and a pin I4II suitably fixed to the machine framework, normally urges both of the keys I405 and I406 into raised position. Thus, upon depression of the key ms, the pin ms is moved to the right,

as viewed in Fig. 8, while depression of key I406 causes the pin I409 to be moved to the left. A stationary guide member I4I1- guides the pin I409 and serves as an interlock to prevent either of the keys I405 or I406 from being depressed when the other has been depressed. Either right or left hand movement of the pin I409 is transmitted to a bifurcated arm I482 secured to a shaft I485 so as to rock the shaft either clockwise or counter-clockwise. I

Disposed adjacent each other upon the shaft I485 are two similar V-shaped members I480 and I48I, each of which is provided with two spacing lugs I486 (Figs. 4 and 8). A compression spring I490 is interposed between these four lugs so that a rocking movement in either direction may be lyieldably transmitted from one of the V-shaped members to the other through the spring I490.

The member I480 is pinned to the shaft I485 andis thus rocked by movement of the arm I482,

while the member I48I' is free on the shaft and has a downwardly extending tail which is pivotally connected at I484 to a link I483. The link I483 is provided with a notch I414 on the right hand end thereof, as viewed in Fig. 8, which, by means of a tension spring I486 bearing upwardly on the link I 483, is normally held in engagement with a lateral extension I41I formed on the lower end of a lever' I315. The lever I315 (Fig. 4) is pivoted on a shaft I316 and is connected at its upper end by a pin I315 to a second link I314. This latter link- I314 has an aperture formed therein in which are two facing lugs I5I0.

. Another link I 5 is juxtaposed to the rear end 7 of link I314 and has an identical aperture formed therein, also with two facing lugs I5I0. A compression spring I5I2 i interposed between the four lugs I5I0 to yieldably connect the twolinks I314 and I5 together. Link I5 is pivotally connected at I5I3 to an arm extending upwardly from the control member I30I, so that longitudinal movement of link I314 will cause the clutch member to rock about its shaft I239 and thereby effect a shifting movement of the carriage 250 in the manner described hereinbefore.

The linkage connecting. the keys I405 and I406 with'the clutch control member I30I is 'so arranged that when the key I 405 is depressed the member I30I will be rocked clockwise, as viewed in Fig. 4, to institute a carriage shift to the right. When the key I406 is depressed-th member I30I will be rocked in a counter-clockwise I405 and I406, or by the automatic shift conthe machine either (1) under manual control by depression of one of a pair of shift effecting keys I405 and I406 (Figs. land 8), (2) autoinatically during certain calculations by mechaism illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, or (3) upon depression of a master end return control key 220 (Figsgl 'and 2). I

trolling mechanism to be hereinafter described, the clutch control member I30I is automatically centralized in its neutral position, as illustrated in Fig. 4, by a centralizing lever I403, which is pivoted on a stud I404 extending from the machine frame. Lever I403 has a lug I403a extending laterally into engagement .with the lever I315 at a point above the shaft i316, and has an adjustable member Hill having an offset portion I6 engaging the lever I315 at a point below the shaft 8316. A tension spring I000 is provided between an ear M8011 on the lever, and a stud 5000?) fixed to the machine framework, to urge the lever I003 toward the right and thereby return the clutch member I30I to centralized position when it is released by the shift control mechanisms and the latch i350.

Automatic shift assaese carries with it a dog I383 which is pivoted to the lever 5380 at I38I, and has a pair of oppositely extending shoulders formed on the rearmost end thereof. A tension spring I2I8 normally holds dog I363 in the position shown, in which its lower shoulder is juxtaposed to an ear I2I1 (Figs. 2 and 4) formed on a lever. i2I8. Lever V mm is pivoted on a stationary pin'i220 and has a pin I 2M mounted on the lower end thereof which extends into an elongated notch formed in the lever I315. Therefore, when the lever i311 (Fig. 2) is moved to the left, the lever am (Fig. 4) will rock the lever i315 clockwise and thereby institute a carriage shift to the right.

To insure only a one step shift of the carriage when controlled by the lever i311, this lever is rocked into an inoperative position during rotatain'portion of the carriage 250 (Fig. 8) supporting the accumulator register is dipped to enable the actuating mechanism (not shown herein) to engage and drive the accumulator mechanism. This dipping action is produced by a setting shaft 43! '(Fig. 2), which is rotated through 180 in a counter-clockwise direction from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2, at the start of each new machine calculation, thereby causing cams 514 secured thereon to engage cam follower rollers 513 carried by levers 510, to rock these levers about a supporting shaft 225 and thereby pull a pair of carriage dipping links 566, pivotally .connected thereto at 512, downwardly against the action of springs (not shown). The links 566 are slidable along a rod 561 at their upper ends and have provided thereon rollers 568 which engage the top and bottom surfaces of a bail 269 carried by the carriage 250 and connected to the aforesaid dipping portion thereof.

While calculation proceeds in a particular order, the levers 510 and links 566, as well as the accumulator mechanism connected thereto, are

held in a depressed position .by mechanism (not their normal illustrated position by powerful springs (not shown).

As the levers 510 are rocked clockwise at the start of a calculation in someparticular denominational order of the carriage, an ear I386, carried by an arm on one of the levers 510, is moved to the right pasta shoulder I390 formed on a lever I311, which is pivotally mounted at I319 on a lever I380, and which is weighted at its leftmost end,.as viewed in Fig. 2, so as to urge it in a counter-clockwise direction. Thus, as the levers 510 reach their clockwise positions at the beginning of a machine operation, the weighted lever I311 snaps theshoulder I390 thereof into latching engagementwith the ear I386.

When the actuation of the register dials in any one carriage position is completed, the return of the levers 510 and links 566 causes the ear I386 to engage the shoulder I390 and move the lever I311 forward (toward the left as viewed in,Fig. 2), thus rocking the lever I380 about its supporting shaft I316 against the action of the same centralizing lever I403'as is used to centralize the above mentioned lever' I315.

This counter-clockwise rocking of lever I380 tion of the shaft 5331. A lever i355 (Fig. 3), pivoted on a shaft I35! and urged clockwise by a spring I359, is engaged and moved counter-'- clockwise by the rollers I363 on the aforementioned disc I362, upon rotation of the shaft I33I. A leftward extension of the lever I355 normally engages the under surface of the setting clutch shaft 83L to limit the clockwise movement of this lever and therefore control the time at which it is engaged and rocked by one of the rollers I363. Upon counter-clockwise rocking of the lever I355, a stud I356 thereon engages the downwardly extending tail of a bell crank I381. This bell crank, illustrated in dot and dash lines in Fig. 2, is pivoted on a shaft I388 and has a shelf I389 formed on a forward extension thereof. This shelf I389 underlies the forward portion of lever I311 and, when the bell crank I381 is rocked clockwise during the first shift cycle, rocks the lever I311 clockwise to release its nose I390 from the extension I386 of the lever 510. The member I30I is thus freed from restraint of the lever I311 and can be centralized at the end of the first shift cycle as was previously explained unless restrained by other shift control mechanism.

Fig. 9 illustrates mechanism under control of a zero multiplier key 200I (Fig. 1) for effecting a shift of the carriage in a direction determined by the carriage shift direction control keys I200, I20I and I202 (Fig. 4). Since depression of the zero key merely effects a carriage shift from one position to the next and does not cause operation of the setting shaft I3I (Fig. 2) or operation of the actuating mechanism for the register,

the carriage shifting mechanism is controlled directly from this zero key200 I Thekey stein of key 200i is slidably mounted in upper and lower flanges of a channel shaped key frame 2002 and is normally held in a raised position by a compression spring 20I5 compressed between the lower flange of the key frame 2002 and a shoulder formed on the key stem. The lower end of the key stem abuts an ear 2 092 formed on a lever 2090 which is secured to a pivotal shaft 209I and urged upwardly by a tension spring I I00.

Upon clockwise rocking of the lever 2090 by depression of key 200 I an extension I I42 thereon engages a pin H43 on a link H44 and moves the link to the left (as viewed in Fig. 9). Link II is pivotally connected at H44 to an arm H45 securely pinned to a shaft 51. An arm II 58 is {also pinned to the shaft H51 and has a slot 59 formed in the lowermost end thereof, which slot 1 embraces the pin I38I, which pivotally connects the dog I383 to the lever I380.

As was stated hereinbefore, the position of the dog I383 relative to the ears I2I1 and I386 (see also (Fig. 4) is controlled by the three keys I20I. I20I and I202. Therefore, depression of the zero key 200I' will impart forward (to the left as viewed in Fig. 9) movement to the link H44 and consequently to the dog I383, through the arms H43 and H33, to effect a carriage shift in the same direction as that effected by rocking of the lever 310 (Fig. 2).

. Mechanism (not shown) is preferably employe for limiting a carriage shift initiated by the depression of the zero key 200i to a single step, regardless of the length of time the zero key is held depressed. For this purpose, the mechanism illustrated in the above mentioned Avery patent may be employed. This mechanism comprises, in general, means operable by the carriage shifting mechanism during its first cycle of operation for rocking the link 44 clockwise about its pivot 44', against the action of a tension spring II48, until the pin II43 thereon becomes disengaged from th extension II42, al-

lowing the centraliz'er I403 (Fig. 2) to return the shift mechanism to its neutral position wherein the shifting operation ceases.

Manual control for direction of automatic shift and non-shift During multiplication operations of the machine, which include automatic carriage shift, it maybe desirable, because of the preference of the machine operator, or due' to the particular sequence'of a series of problems, that the shift sometimes be in the left hand direction instead of in the right hand direction, as was described. It is likewise desirable in some instances that the shift be disabled altogether.

In order to control the direction of the automatic shift or to disable the shift entirely, a set of three depressible control keys I200, I20I and I202 (Figs. 1 and 4 are provided. Each of these I control keys is mounted on a stem I203, the three stems being substantially identical with each other and supported for vertical movement on pins I204 and I205. Each of the three key stems is provided with a spring I200 normally urging it into upper position, andeach is also provided with a laterallyextending arm having an ear I201.

The above keys are adapted to be latched in a depressed position by a latch member I208 (Fig. 4) which is slidably supported by the pins I204 for endwise movement. The latch member has three identical latching noses having inclined edges I2I0 formed thereon,'adapted to cooperate with the ears I201 on the respective key stems. Thus, upon depression of any one of the shift control keys, ear I201 of that key first moves the latch I208 to the right against the action of a tension spring I209 until the key reaches its lowermost position, at which time the spring snaps the-member I208 to the left, thereby latching the key in its depressed position. Since depression of any one of the keys will cause the latch member I208 to be moved to the right, as viewed in Fig. 4, it will release any previously latched key.

In order to prevent two of the keysfrom being depressed and latched down at the same time, an interlocking plate I2I I is provided. This plate is mounted for free endwise movement on the pins I204 of the keys I200 and I20I, adjacent .the latch plate I208. The interlocking plate I! H is provided with a pair of upwardly extending wedge-shaped projections I2I3 which project between the ears I201 ofthe three keys. Depression of any one of the keys will cause its respective ear I201 to engage the inclined surface of one of the projections I2I3 and slide the member I2II to a position wherein it will block the ears of the other two keys, thereby preventing depression of those keys to their lowermost latched down positions.

When it is desired that automatic carriage shift to be to the left, the control key I20I is depressed into latched position. The ear I 201 of this engages the forward extending tail of a lever I2I4 pivoted at I2II (Figs. 4 and 2) and rocks this lever in a counter-clockwise direction, so that a shelf I2I0 formed at its rearmost end engages a pin I383 on the dog I383 to raise the dog into such a position that the upper shoulder I333a thereon is positioned for engagement with an ear I334 formed directly on the shift controlling link I314. With the dog'l383 in this position, movement of the link I311 (Fig. 2) to the left at the completion of a multiplication operation, as was described hereinbefore, will, as before stated, cause the dog I333 to move to the left, and in doing so it carries the link I314 to the left to institute a carriage shift in a left hand direction.

Depression of the shift control key I202 merely causes release of the keys I 200 and I20I and thereby insures that the lever I2I4 may be rocked into a clockwise position by a spring I235 (Fig. 2) which is connected between a lever I236 and a portion of the machine frame (not shown) Lever I232 is secured to the lever I2I4 by a pin I231 thereby forming an integral lever unit. Thus, with key I202 depressed, the tension spring I2I3 is free to move the dog I383 into the position illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4 in readiness to impart a rightward shift to the shift control link I314, which results in carriage shifting movement in a right hand direction.

Depression of the non-shift key I200 causes the automatic carriage shift in either direction to be disabled. As shown in Fig. 4, the key stem I203 of the non-shift key I200 is pivotally connected at the lower end thereof to a lever I221 lever I225 has an arm I224 extending rearwardly and an ear I230 on the arm underlies a lever I23I pivoted at I232 to the machine frame. As the lever I225 is cammed in a counter-clockwise direction by depression of the key I200, the ear I230 will rock the lever I23I counter-clockwise, and an extension I233 formed thereon will engage the left hand end of the weighted lever I311, thereby rocking this lever into such a position that its shoulder I390 (Fig; 2) will underlie the ear I388 on one of the levers 510 and will therefore not be moved thereby when the dipping portion of the carriage 250 is raised at the terrnination of actuation of the register.

The above described control of automatic shift of the carriage or non-shift thereof is disclosed and claimed in the copending application of Harold T. Avery entitled "Calculating machines, Serial No. 217,993, filed July 7, 1938, and since matured into Patent Number 2,216,659, issued on October first, 1940.

End return shift under control of key 220 carriage to an end position as at the termination of a multiplication operation, whereby the carriage may .be easily and quickly prepared for a subsequent calculation.

According to the present invention, movement of the carriage to an end position is accomplished by an end return control key 220 (Figs. 1 and 2) It will be noted that the key 220 is juxtaposed to a middle dial clear key 313 and an upper dial clear key I9I0, the former serving to zeroize, or clear, an accumulator register visible through openings 3I8 in the carriage 250, while the latter serves to clear a counter register visible through openings I814 in the carriage 250. Thus, by a single manual stroke, the operator may simultaneously effect clearing of either or both of the two registers and initiate movement of the carriage 250 to either of its two end positions. Control of the shift is placed under the key 22:! through a T member I02 (Fig. 2) which is pivotally connected by means of a pin IM to the lower end of a starting lever I00. A pin I09 secured to the T member I02 above the pivot pin stl extends into a slotted portion I05 of the lever 236. It will be r called that when the shift control key I20I' g. 4) is in raised position, the combined levers I2I4 and I236 are rocked into clockwise position by the spring I235, and -ider these conditions the T member I02 is held in the full line position shown in Fig. 2, wherein an arm I03 thereof overlies an arm I06 formed on a shift operating lever I08 (Fig. '7) which, is pinned to the shaft I485. With the T member in this position, downward movement of the starting lever I00 about its pivot IIO, by mechanism to be described presently, causes the T member I02 to rock the shift operating lever I08 in a counter-clockwise direction to turn the shaft counter-clockwise and thereby (in a manner previously described) effect a carriage shifting movement to the left through th mechanism illustrated in Fig. 4. This direction of carriage have] is opposite to that normally resulting from n automatic shift instituted by the calculating machine mechanism at termination of a multiplication in one order of the carriage, with the key I202 depressed.

On the other hand, if the direction control key I20I is depressed, to effect an automatic carriage shift to the left during .a multiplication operation, the lever I236 will be moved counterclockwise about the shaft I2l5 into such a position that the T member I 02 is positioned with its rightmost arm I04 overlying the arm I01 of the shift operating lever I 08. When the T member I02, while in this position, is moved downwardly by the starting lever I00, the shift operating lever I08 will be rocked clockwise to eflfect a carriage shift to the right end position. It will be noted that this direction of carriage shift is opposite tothat of the automatic shift resulting when key i20I is depressed. I

Since depression of the non-shift key I200 merely releases the key I20I, it allows the spring I235 to mov the lever I236 into the position illustrated in Fig. 2. Thereafter, upon institution of a carriage end-return shift operation by depression of the key 220, the carriage will be moved to the left just as though the key I202 had been depressed.

The actuation of the T member I02 by the starting lever I00 having been described, the operation of lever I00 will now be taken up. Thus lever I00 (Fig. 2) is provided with a rearwardly extending arm II2 which is urged downwardly by a tension spring I I3 connected between said arm and the machine frame ata point not shown, but lever I00 is normally held in a raised position, as illustrated in Fig. 2, against the'pull of spring H3, (in readiness to effect a carriage end return shifting movement) by a toggle link arrangement comprising a pair of links H4 and U5 pivotally connected together at '6. The lower link H5 is pivoted on a stud IIB extending from the machine frame, while the upper link II4 has an elongated slot II9 therein which embraces a pin I20 provided on the lever I 00. An interponent I 2I is also pivoted on the stud H8 and is urged in a counter-clockwise direction against a stationary cross rod I23, by a tension spring I22. A torsion spring I2t is wound around the stud I I8 and extends between the interponent I2I and the lower link H5 to ur e this link counter-clockwise against the cross rod I23. It will be noted that in this position of the toggle link arrangement, the pivot pin I I6 is just slightly to the left of center, so that the tension spring I22 also aids in holding the link II5 against the cross rod I23.

The interponent I2I has an ear i2Ia formed thereon and overlying the forward edge of the lower link II5. A trigger 'finger I25, pivoted at I26 to a lever I21, is pressed against the ear I2Ia by a torsion spring I 3| interposed between the lever I21 and finger I25. Lever I2? is pivoted on a rod I28 and is held against a limit rod I30 by a tension spring I29. Lever I21 has an upwardly extending arm formed thereon terminating in a camming portion I3I which is adapted to be engaged by an ear I32 formed on a-bail I33; in response to clockwise rocking of the latter, to rock the lever I21 counter-clockwise about its pivot shaft I28. Bail I33 is pivoted at I40 and is connected by means of a pm I H to the key stem I42 of the end return cont ol key 220 for actuation by the latter. This key stem has an elongated slot I43 formed therein which embraces a stationary pin I44 extending from the machine frame,to guide the key 220 for linear motion. A tension spring I45 is interposed between the pin I and rod I44 to normally maintain the key 220 in raised position.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that upon depression of thekey 220, the lever I21 will berocked counter-clockwise to raise the finger I25 until the shoulder thereon engages the ear I 2 la and moves the interponent I2I clockwise to break the toggle link arrangement and allow the spring I I3 to rock the starting lever I00 about its pivot IIO. Thereupon, the T member I02 is caused to rock the shift operating lever I08 and institute a carriage shift movement, as.

previously described.

An extension I00 (Figs. 2 and 6) is formed on the lower end of starting lever I00, and when the lever I 00 approaches its lowermost position under the action of spring II3, the leftmost end of this extension engages a roller I25 fixed to the finger I25 to rock this finger counter-clockwise until its'shoulder is disengaged from the ear I2Ia on interponent I2I. Therefore, the spring I22 will overcome the spri g but not spring H3, and will rock the interponent back against the cross rod I23.

Upon release of pressure on the end return control key 220, the springs I29 and I45 cause the bail I33, lever I21 and the finger I25 to assume their normal illustrated positions (Fig. 2). However, mechanism is provided to cause the carriage to continue itgshifting movement until an end position is reached regardless of whether or not the key 220 is released before the carriage reaches such end positiom To this end, a latch member I50 (Fig. 7) is provided to latch the shift control lever I06 in shift controlling posi tion. This member I50 is pivoted on a stud I5I secured to the machine frame and has a latching ear I52 formed on an upward extension thereof, which ear is adapted to engage either the top or the bottom surface of a projection I53 on the shift operating lever I08, depending upon which position the lever is moved into by the T member I02. A torsion spring I54 is provided to urge the member I50 toward latching engagement with the lever I08. Spring I54 extends between a lug I50 on latch member I50 and a roller I55 provided on the lower end of a lever I56 pivoted on the cross rod I23, While the lever I is above its lowermost position,. the lever I56 is held in a raised position, as illustrated in Figs. 6 and '1, by the spring I54, in which position 2. lug I56 formed thereon extends in front of the ear I52 on latch member I50, thereby preventing engagement of the ear I52 with the projection I53 on lever !08. Thus, the latch member I50 is prevented from latching the arm 108 in a set position during control of the carriage shift by the depression of one of the keys I405 and I406, or at any time except during a shift initiated by the tabulator controls.

As the starting lever I00 moves downwardly after being tripped by the key 220, an enlarged portion of the pin IOI (Fig. 2) engages the lower end of the lever I56 (Fig. 7) and rocks this lever clockwise to remove the ear I50 from blocking engagement with the ear I52 on member I50. This rocking movement of lever I56 also serves to further tension the torsion spring I54 and enables it to easily move the lever I50 into latching relation with the projection I53.

The starting lever I00 is automatically recooked during the first shift cycle, and, for this purpose,

levers are provided which are operated by a cam mounted on a lever I 64 to rock this lever in a counter-clockwise direction about the setting shaft 43I on which it is freely mounted. Lever I64 transmits a rocking movement to a second F lever I66 through a pin and slot connection I65, thereby rocking this lever I66 in a clockwise direction about a stationary rod I61, causing a camming edge I68 formed on its foremost end to engage a roller I66 riveted to the lower end of the lever I00, and thereby raising this lever upwardly.

The height of the cam I62 is purposely of such magnitude that the starting lever I00 will be substantially over-cocked, the elongated slot H9 in the upper link II4 allowing such movement, to permit the toggle links H4 and '5 to be returned to their position shown in Fig. 2 by the torsion spring I24, before the starting lever I00 is allowed to drop into itslatched position.

Carriage end return arrestingmechanism After movement of the carriage 250 toward either of its two end positions has been initiated by the key 220, it will continue through the shifting'movement until it reaches the end position. Means are provided to stop the carriage in its end position and to cause the variousparts' of the carriage end return mechanism to assume their normal illustrated positions.

Referring to Figs. and 8, the carriage shift where it terminates in a handle 336. When handle 336 is manually depressed it lifts the rack clear of the drive rollers 351. The rack is, however, normally held in meshing relation with the rollers 351 by a tension spring 331 connectedbetween a portion of the carriage frame and the lever 335 to hold the latter against a stop 336. In this manner the carriage may be freed from the shift mechanism and moved to any desired lateral position, and if the operator should stop the carriage out of an operating position, the

teeth of'the rack will merely rest on top of one of the rollers 351, where it will remain until the shaft 334 is rotated in an attempt to shift the carriage. When this takes place, one of the rollupwardly bent deflector lugs 359 and 360. As the carriage approaches one of its end positions, one or the other of the lugs 353 and 360, depending upon the direction of carriage travel, will be moved to a position underlying, but not touching, a bail 36I pivotally supported on a, cross rod 364. After the carriage has reached its end position, continued rotation of the shaft 334 will cause one of the rollers 351 to underride the juxtaposed deflector lug 359 or 360 and thereby rock the rack 355 upward out of meshing engagement with the rollers. This rocking movement will also cause the lug to engage the bail 36I and rock it about the shaft 364, thereby causing 2. depending arm 363 (Fig. 8) of the bail 36I to be rocked in a clockwise direction. An ear 365 formed on the lower end of this arm engages the upper bifurcated end of a lever 366, which is pivoted at 361 and normally urged in a clockwise direction against a'pin 369 by a tension spring 368; A forwardly extending arm of the lever 366 has an ear 310 formed thereon which overlies a pin 3" extending from the shift operating link I483 described hereinbefore. Thus, as the lever 366 is rocked by the arm 363, the link I483 will be dipped about its pivot I484 until the notch I414 formed thereon no longer embraces the ear I41I of the lever I315 (Figs. 4 and 8,). Thereupon, the centralizer I403 will exert a force on the shift controlling mechanism tending to move it into neutral position.

However, even after the shift control mechanism has thus been released from control by the link 1463, the latch dog i350 will maintain the shift mechanism in operation until the end of the current shift cycle, although the carriage is not shifted during this last cycle. Therefore, the rollers 351- will be revolved to such a position that one of them will again be aligned with a tooth space in the rack :55, allowing the rack to'drop into meshing engagement with the roller, and

permitting the springs 368 and I486 to return the lever 366 and link I483 to their normal positions.

Means are provided for releasing the latch I50 (Fig. 6) during the last or false shift cycle; For this purpose, a lever 315 (Fig. 7) pivoted on a bearing pin 316 is provided. A lug 311 on the lower end of the lever 315 underlies a pin 318 on the link I483, so that as this link is rocked downwardly by the lever 368 during the last shift cycle, the lever 315 will be rocked clockwise, and a camming nose 386 formed thereon will engage the latching ear E52 of the latch member I50 to rock the latter outwardly away from latching engagement with the projection I53 on the shift operating lever I08, enabling this lever to be centralized. As the latch member I50 is rocked by the camming nose 385 of lever 315, the ear I52 will pass over the ear I58 of the lever I56, enabling the torsion spring I55 to rock lever I 56 upwardly, causing the ear I 58 to hold the latch member I50 in unlatched position.

In accordance with the hereinbefore mentioned alternative uses of a movable carriage, it is to be understood that the term carriage, as used in the appended claims, is not to be limited to a carriage for supporting accumulatorand similar registering mechanisms, but is intended to include a carriage or device of that nature for supporting actuators or other mechanism for movement into different positions.

We claim:

1. In a calculating machine, a transversely shiftable carriage, reversible motive means for shifting said carriage in either direction, first means for initiating operation of said carriage shifting means, second means operable independently of said first means for also initiating operation of said carriage shifting means, manu- "allysettable means for selectively controlling the direction of operation of said carriage shifting means upon initiation of operation thereof by said first means, and means responsive to setting of said manually settable means and-to operation of said second means for initiating operation of said carriage shifting means in a direction opposite to that effected by said first means for the same setting of said settable means;

2; In a calculating machine, a transversely shiftable carriage, motive means for shifting said carriage, means operable automaticallyas an incident to a calculating operation by the machine for initiating operation of said carriage shifting means, manually controlled means for controlling initiation of operation of said carriage shifting means independently of said automatic means, selectively settable means for determining the direction of operation of said carriage shifting means upon initiation of operation thereof by said automatic means, and means responsive to said settable means and said manually controlled means for controlling said carriage shifting means to shift said carriage in a direction opposite to said determined direction upon initiation of operation thereof by said manually controlled means..while said settable means has the same setting.

3. In a calculating machine having a transversely shiftable carriage, motive means for shiftmanually controlled means for controlling initiation of operation of said carriage shifting means independently of said automatic means, means comprising selectively depressible direction control keys for selectively determining the direction of operation of said carriage shifting means upon initiation of operation thereof by said automatic means, and means controlled by a depressed one of said keys and rendered efiective by said manlo ually controlled means for determining the direction of operation of said carriage shifting means in a direction opposite to that determined by said depressed key when operation is initiated by said automatic means.

4. In a calculating machine having a transversely shiftable carriage, motive means for shifting said carriage, and means operable automatically as an incident to a calculating operation by the machine for initiating operation of said carriage shifting means, the combination of: manually controlled means for controlling initiation of operation of said carriage shifting means independently of said automatic means, selectively settable means for selectively conditioning said carriage shifting means for operation in a selected direction upon initiation of operation thereof by said automatic means, selectively settable means for preventing initiation of operation of said carriage shifting means by said automatic means,

and means jointly controlled by said first mentionedselectively settable means and said manually controlled means for conditioning said carriage shifting means for operation in the opposite direction upon actuation of said manually controlled means with said first mentioned selectively settable means unchanged, said jointly controlled means conditioning said carriage shifting means for operation in a fixed predetermined direction in response to setting of said last mentioned selectively settable means.

' I 5. In a calculating machine a transversely shiftable carriage; motive means selectively operable to shift said carriage in either direction; starting means operable automatically as an incident to a calculating operation by the machine; manually controlled starting means; means selectively settable into any one of three difierent settings to selectively condition said carriage shifting means for operation in one direction, operation inthe other direction, and no operation, respectively, in response to operation of said automatic starting means; and means controlled by said selectively settable means for conditioning said carriage shifting means for operation initiated by said manually controlled means, whereby said carriage, is shifted in direction opposite to that initiated by said automatic starting means when the settable means is in said first or said second setting respectively, and in a fixed 00 predetermined direction when the settable means is in its said third setting.

6. In a calculating machine having a transversely shiftable carriag and motive means for shifting said carriage, two shift controlling mechanisms for said carriage shifting means, a manually settable device, means controlled by said device for selectively conditioning one of said shift 1 controlling mechanisms to control the operation of said carriage shifting means in one selected di- 70 rection, and means controlled byisaid device for conditioning the other of said shift controlling mechanisms to control the operation of said carriage shifting means in the opposite direction.

' 7. In a calculating machine having a trans- J6 versely shiftable carriage and motive means for shifting said carriage, two shift controlling mechanisms for said carriage shifting means, manually settable means for selectively preparing one of said shift controlling mechanisms to control the operation of said carriage shifting means in one.

said mechanisms for disabling said preventing means, and means operable under control of said othermechanism for again enabling said preventing means for operation in a fixed predetermined shifting operation.

8. In a calculating machine having a transversely shiitable carriage and motive means for shifting said carriage, two shift controlling mechanisms for said carriage shifting means, mannally settable means for selectively preparing one of said shift controlling mechanisms to control the operation of said carriage shifting means in one direction and for preparing the other of said shift controlling mechanisms to control the operation of said carriage shifting means in the opposite direction, latchingmeans operabl to maintain said carriage shifting means in operation, means for preventing operation of said latching means upon operation of said carriage shifting means under control of one of said mechanisms, means controlled by the other of said mechanisms for disabling said preventing means, and means rection, and manually settabl means for disabling one of said shift controlling mechanisms and for controlling said first-mentioned manually operable under control of said other mechanism for again enabling said preventing means with said carriage in one of said end positions.

9. In a calculating machine having a transversely shiftable carriage and motive means for shifting said carriage, two shift controlling mechanisms for said carriage shifting means, man= ually settable means for selectively preparing one of said shift controlling mechanisms to eilect operation of said carriage shifting means in one direction and for preparing the other of said shift controlling mechanisms to eilect the operation of said carriage shifting means in the opposite disettable means to prepare the other of said shift controlling mechanisms to control the operation of said carriage shifting means in a predetermined direction.

10. In a calculating machine, a transversely shiftable carriage, reversible motive means for shifting said carriage in either direction, first means for initiating operation of said carriage shiftng means, second means operable independently of said first means foralso initiating operation of said carriage shifting means, manually settable and releasable means for selectively controlling the direction of operation of said carriage shifting means upon initiation of operation thereof by said first means, means responsive to setting of said manually settable means and to operation of said second means for initiating operation of said carriage shifting means in a direction opposite to that effected by said first means for the'same setting of said settable means, and means responsive to release of said manually settacle means for conditioning said carriage shifting means for operation in a fixed predetermined direction upon initiation of operation thereof.

11. In a calculating machine having a transversely shiftable carriage, and motive means for shifting said carriage; two shift controlling mechanisms for said carriage shifting means, manually settable means for selectively preparin one of said shift controlling mechanisms to effect operation of said carriage shifting means in one direction and for preparing the other of said shift controlling mechanisms to effect the operation of said carriage shifting means in the opposite direction, second manually settable means for disabling one of said shift controlling mechanisms, means controlled by said second manually settable means for releasing said first manually settable means from set position, and means responsive to release of said first-mentioned manually settable means from set position for preparing the other of said shift controlling mechanisms to control the operation of said carriage shifting means in a predetermined direction.

EDGAR B. JESSUP. HAROLD T. AVERY. 

